Psychology Revision Paper 1

Question 1

 

The treatment model most likely to be effective

with a suicidal and substance abusing person is: 

a.Mindfulness-based treatment. 

b.Transtheoretical model of change (TTM). 

c.Motivational interviewing (MI). 

d.Dialectical behavior therapy (DBT). 

e.Self-determination theory (SDT). 

5 points    

Question 2

 

Addiction professionals today: 

A. May have a background that includes personal recovery from addictive behavior. 

B. Have to meet credentialing requirements that include education in theories of addiction. 

C. Frequently cling to a favorite theory and disregard other theories. 

D. Need to be flexible to tailor individualized or customized care to clients. 

E. All of the above. 

5 points    

Question 3 

 

Behaviorists expect relapses to occur early in recovery because: 

A. The addicted individual’s condition has not progressed to the disease stage. 

B. Many of the rewards of recovery come only after long periods of sobriety. 

C. Negative consequences for addictive behavior are quickly forgotten. 

D. Poor impulse control. 

E. They have not hit bottom. 

5 points    

Question 4

 

Voucher-based treatment for cocaine dependence: 

A.  Pays addicts for clean urine specimens. 

B. Includes relationship counseling. 

C. Is a community reinforcement approach to treatment. 

D.  Behavioral treatment component had better results than those in 12-Step drug counseling. 

E. All of the above. 

5 points    

Question 5

 

This approach has been shown

to be more effective than peer-based CBT (cognitive-behavioral therapy)

groups to reduce high-severity substance-related behaviors among ethnic minority youth: 

A. BSFT (Brief Strategic Family Therapy). 

B. FFT (functional family therapy). 

C. MDFT (multidimensional family therapy). 

D. MST (multisystemic family therapy). 

E. None of the above (they are about equal). 

5 points  C  

Question 6 

 

The model of addiction enjoying the greatest support

from the law enforcement and prison industries is: 

A. Alcoholics Anonymous. 

B. Moral models of addiction. 

C. Disease models of addiction. 

D. Psychological models of addiction. 

E. Social models of addiction. 

5 points    

Question 7 

 

The foundations of addiction treatment in the United States today are the: 

A. Moral models of addiction 

B. Disease models of addiction 

C. Psychological models of addiction 

D. Social models of addiction 

E. All of the above 

5 points    

Question 8 

 

Family roles in a family suffering from the disease of addiction may: 

A. Become overly flexible. 

B. May result in a scapegoat who also acts as a family clown. 

C. May result in a lost child who acts out and may become delinquent. 

D. May result in a family hero who attempts to do everything right. 

E. May result in a mascot who withdraws in order to cope. 

5 points    

Question 9 

 

The social learning theory (SLT) proposed by Albert Bandura is also known as: 

A. Self-efficacy. 

B. A cognitive model. 

C. Social cognitive theory. 

D. Self-efficacy theory. 

E. All of the above. 

5 points    

Question 10 

 

Public Health 

A. Is concerned with promoting and protecting health of populations. 

B. Is often contrasted with medicine which focuses on the individual. 

C. Replaced a focus on miasma (invisible toxic matter from the earth) as the cause of disease. 

D. Replaced the sanitary movement in many cities in the late 1800s. 

E. All of the above. 

5 points    

Question 11 

 

Relapsing to addictive behavior is viewed as a learning experience

that can be used to strengthen gains made in treatment by the: 

A. Moral models of addiction. 

B. Disease models of addiction. 

C. Psychological models of addiction. 

D. Social models of addiction. 

E. All of the above. 

5 points    

Question 12 

 

LifeSkills Training (LST): 

A. Is today one of the most widely used, evidenced-based prevention programs. 

B. Is restricted to high school students in predominantly white neighborhoods. 

C. Trains students on actions of drugs and medical and legal consequences. 

D.  Is conducted in week-long sessions during summer breaks. 

E. All of the above. 

5 points    

Question 13 

 

Respondent conditioning (classical conditioning, Pavlovian conditioning)

helps explain why repeated drug use in the same environment may result in: 

A. Overdose. 

B. Addiction. 

C. Drug tolerance. 

D. Withdrawal. 

E. Paranoia. 

5 points    

Question 14 

 

Behaviorists believe that adaptive behaviors as well as maladaptive behaviors

like addiction are the result of: 

A. Conditioning. 

B. Learning. 

C. Genetic inheritance. 

D. A disease process. 

E. Immoral behavior. 

5 points    

Question 15 

 

The recommendation to address cognitive, behavioral and

social factors in efforts to overcome addictive behavior is best represented by: 

A. Alcoholics Anonymous. 

B. Moral models of addiction. 

C. Disease models of addiction. 

D. Psychological models of addiction. 

E. Social models of addiction. 

5 points    

Question 16 

 

Delay discounting is when behavioral consequences

or reinforcers are delayed into the future and as a result they: 

A. Increase their value and effectiveness in influencing choices. 

B. Decrease their value and effectiveness in influencing choices. 

C. Decrease the chance of relapse. 

D. Increase the likelihood of maintaining sobriety. 

E.  Depends on the individual. 

5 points    

Question 17 

 

It may be convenient to refer to addiction as a “brain disease” but: 

A. This is insufficient and possibly misleading. 

B. Singular and absolute explanations for addiction are ill-informed

or championing a social/political cause. 

C. Addiction is extremely complex and arises from multiple pathways. 

D. There is not one way to explain addiction. 

E. All of the above. 

5 points    

Question 18 

 

During the 13 years of Prohibition in the United States (1920-1933): 

A. The early movement to medicalize alcoholism gained strength. 

B. Alcohol consumption decreased by an estimated 70%. 

C. Drug addiction increased rapidly. 

D. Physicians prescribed alcohol for more medical ailments like diabetes and old age. 

E. All of the above. 

5 points    

Question 19 

 

Harm reduction approaches to addiction treatment: 

A. Are most appropriate for persons not in treatment and not highly motivated to change 

B. Are highly controversial especially in the United States 

C. Incorporate stages of change thinking from the transtheoretical model (TTM) 

D. Encourages autonomy similar to motivational interviewing

(MI) and self-determination theory (SDT) 

E. All of the above. 

5 points    

Question 20 

 

Due to evidenced-based practice (EBP) and changes in health care law,

it is projected that all counselors in the addictions field will soon be

required to possess at least: 

A. A high school diploma and some certification training. 

B. A bachelor’s degree in an addiction-related field (psychology, nursing). 

C. A master’s degree. 

D. A doctorate (PhD or MD). 

E. Three years of sobriety. 

5 points    

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