Health Care statistics Questions

1. What does the letter t represent in the following: t(58) = 2.001, p (Points : 2)

test statistic
t-value
degrees of freedom
significance level

 

Question 2. 2. What does the number 2.001 represent in the following: t(58) = 2.001, p (Points : 2)

test statistic
t-value
degrees of freedom
significance level

 

Question 3. 3. A measure of how different two groups are from one another is the __________.
(Points : 2)

error size
significance level
effect size
mean scores

 

Question 4. 4. When computing effect size, the sample size is ________. (Points : 2)

used in the denomenator
not taken into account
used in the numerator
sometimes taken into account

 

Question 5. 5. If you want to examine one group of subjects under two different conditions, which statistical techniques should you select? (Points : 2)

Regression
Dependent samples t-test
Analysis of Variance
Independent samples t-test

 

Question 6. 6. What is another name that statisticians talk about dependent tests? (Points : 2)

Regression
Correlation
Repeated Measures
Group Differences

 

Question 7. 7. In the formula that computes a t value, what does nSD represent? (Points : 2)

sum of the difference between groups
sum of the means for group one
sum of the means for group two
sum of the squared differences

 

Question 8. 8. The test statistic calculated by the statistical procedure selected is known as the ___________. (Points : 2)

cricial value
significance level
obtained value
p value

 

Question 9. 9. If the obtained value is less than the critical value, what should you do? (Points : 2)

reject the null hypothesis
accept the null hypothesis
accept the research hypothesis
decrease your p value

 

Question 10. 10. How many subjects were examined based on the following: t(29) = 2.001, p (Points : 2)

29
30
31
32

 

Question 11. 11. What is another name for a dependent samples t-test? (Points : 2)

Single sample
Double sample
Paired sample
Freed sample

 

Question 12. 12. Which of the following represent degrees of freedom? (Points : 2)

fd
df
d
f

 

Question 13. 13. What is the numerator of the t-test for Dependent means formula? (Points : 2)

SD
n
M1-M2
SD2 (n-1)

 

Question 14. 14. In the equation t (78) = 1.03, p (Points : 2)

test statistic
degrees of freedom
obtained value
alpha level

 

Question 15. 15. Which of the following is the same as t2 when examining the difference between two groups?
(Points : 2)

F
t
Cohen’s d
F2

 

Question 16. 16. What type of ANOVA is used when there is only one type of treatment or grouping factor with more than two levels? (Points : 2)

One-way
Two-way
Three-way
Four-way

 

Question 17. 17. If you wanted to examine whether the level of parental involvement differs based on students’ grade in school (i.e. 1st, 2nd, 3rd, etc.), what is the dependent variable of interest? (Points : 2)

Grade level
Students
Parents
Level of parent involvement

 

Question 18. 18. Which of the following is the formula for computing the F statistic? (Points : 2)

F = MSbetweem / MSwithin
F = SSbetweem / SSwithin
F = MSwithin / MSbetweem
F = SSwithin / SSbetweem

 

Question 19. 19. The variability between groups is due to ______________. (Points : 2)

chance
the grouping factor
the F ratio
the level of the dependent variable

 

Question 20. 20. When you compute the sum of the differences between each individual score and the group mean, you have calculated the _____________. (Points : 2)

MS within
SS within
MS between
SS between

 

Question 21. 21. When interpreting F (2, 27) = 8.80, p
(Points : 2)

30
27
3
2

 

Question 22. 22. When interpreting F (2, 27) = 8.80, p
(Points : 2)

30
29
3
2

 

Question 23. 23. In a 4 x 3 factorial design, there are how many levels of the second grouping factor? (Points : 2)

3
4
7
12

 

Question 24. 24. ANOVA first tests for an overall difference between the means. This is known as what type of test? (Points : 2)

omnibus
pluribus
omnivorous
omnibor

 

Question 25. 25. ANOVA with replication is also known as ___________. (Points : 2)

Repeated measures
Between group design
Mixed design
One-way ANOVA

 

Question 26. 26. When type of design includes an ANOVA where one factor is repeated and the other is not? (Points : 2)

Repeated design
Between groups design
Mixed design
One-way ANOVA

 

Question 27. 27. When analysis of data reveals a difference between levels of a factor, what is this called? (Points : 2)

Interaction effect
Factor effect
Level effect
Main effect

 

Question 28. 28. Results from an ANOVA are placed in what type of table? (Points : 2)

ANOVA table
Source table
Effects table
Output table

 

Question 29. 29. Which of the following would be an example of a design that examines the effects gender and SES ( high SES and low SES) on a test of student achievement? (Points : 2)

One-way ANOVA
2 x 2 ANOVA
Multivariate ANOVA
3 x 2 ANOVA

 

Question 30. 30. When you are interested in finding out if students’ achievement level changes over time as result of a reading intervention, what type of ANOVA would you use?
(Points : 2)

Repeated measures
Between groups design
Mixed design
One-way ANOVA

 

Question 31. 31. What type of ANOVA would examine effects of political party (eg. democrat, republican, or independent) affiliation and gender on the attitudes toward the death penalty? (Points : 2)

2 x 2 ANOVA
3 x 2 ANOVA
3 x 2 x 1 ANOVA
3 x 3 ANOVA

 

Question 32. 32. Which of the following would be an example of a design that examines the effects gender and school type (i.e. elementary, middle, high school) on a scale of student attitudes toward learning? (Points : 2)

2 x 2 ANOVA
3 x 3 ANOVA
2 x 3 ANOVA
Simple ANOVA

 

Question 33. 33. The effect of one factor is called the _____________. (Points : 2)

interaction effect
main effect
differential effect
experimental effect

 

Question 34. 34. How many null hypotheses are used in a 2 x2 factorial ANOVA? (Points : 2)

1
2
3
4

 

Question 35. 35. Measures which occur at the same time are known as what type of measures?
(Points : 2)

predictive
longitudinal
concurrent
consecutive

 

Question 36. 36. What is another term for a positive correlation? (Points : 2)

indirect
nondirectional
direct
unidirectional

 

Question 37. 37. Which of the following is an example of a null hypothesis for testing a correlation coefficient? (Points : 2)

H1: rxy = 0
H1: rxy > 0
H0: rxy = 0
H0: rxy > 0

 

Question 38. 38. The level of risk or Type I error typically set for testing the level of significance of a correlation coefficient is which of the following? (Points : 2)

.01
.05
.95
.99

 

Question 39. 39. Which of the following types of reliability correlates scores on a single measure on two different occasions? (Points : 2)

test-retest
inter-rater
parallel forms
internal consistency

 

Question 40. 40. If the correlation between two variables is .496, how much of the variance has not been accounted for? (Points : 2)

24.6%
49.6%
50.4%
75.4%

 

Question 41. 41. If a research hypothesis does not predict the direction of a relationship, the test is __________. (Points : 2)

one-tailed
two-tailed
direct
positive

 

Question 42. 42. If a simple Pearson correlation value = .512, what percentage of variance is accounted for? (Points : 2)

26%
49%
51%
74%

 

Question 43. 43. If a simple Pearson correlation value = .362, what percentage of variance is unaccounted for? (Points : 2)

25%
36%
56%
85%

 

Question 44. 44. If a simple Pearson correlation value = .75, what percentage of variance is unaccounted for? (Points : 2)

25%
44%
56%
75%

 

Question 45. 45. What statistical technique is used to make predictions of future outcomes based on present data? (Points : 2)

Analysis of variance
Repeated measures
Linear regression
Correlational analysis

 

Question 46. 46. Which of the following symbols is associated with the predicted score in the regression equation? (Points : 2)

X
Y
a
b

 

Question 47. 47. Which of the following symbols is associated with the slope in the regression equation? (Points : 2)

X
Y
a
b

 

Question 48. 48. Which of the following symbols is associated with the y-intercept in the regression equation? (Points : 2)

X
Y
a
b

 

Question 49. 49. How would you represent the predicted score of Y based on a known value of X?
(Points : 2)

y
y-intercept
Y’
Y = Xa

 

Question 50. 50. Which of the following determines the direction of the regression line? (Points : 2)

intercept
predicted score
criterion score
slope

 

Question 51. 51. What must be used to examine an outcome that is predicted from two independent variables? (Points : 2)

Multivariate regression
Multiple regression
Simple regression
Complicated regression

 

Question 52. 52. In the multiple regression formula, what does X2 represent? (Points : 2)

value of the second dependent variable
value of the second independent variable
value of the criterion variable
value of the predicted score

 

Question 53. 53. If the correlation between X and Y is equal to -1.0, what do we know about the prediction of Y by X? (Points : 2)

It’s negative
It’s postive
It’s perfect
It’s direct

 

Question 54. 54. If you are trying to predict Y scores from X scores, X is referred to as the __________. (Points : 2)

nominal variable
dependent variable
predictor variable
criterion variable

 

Question 55. 55. The general formula for a regression line is ________. (Points : 2)

a2 + b2 = c2
aX + b = Y
bX + a = Y’
dX + a = Y’

 

Question 56. 56. Which of the following is the symbol for summation? (Points : 2)

D
h
c
S

 

Question 57. 57. Which of the following is the most commonly used nonparametric test? (Points : 2)

t-test
ANOVA
Chi-Square
Mann-Whitney

 

Question 58. 58. A one-sample chi-square is also known as ________. (Points : 2)

Goodness of fit test
Test of independence
Wilcoxon rank
Mann-Whitney

 

Question 59. 59. A two-sample chi-square is also known as ________. (Points : 2)

Goodness of fit test
Test of independence
Wilcoxon rank
Mann-Whitney

 

Question 60. 60. If you have 100 respondents identifying their gender, what would the expected frequency be for each category? (Points : 2)

25
50
75
100

 

Question 61. 61. Which of the following nonparametric tests is used to compare two independent samples? (Points : 2)

Mann-Whitney
Wilcoxon rank
Spearman rank
Kolmogorov-Smirnov

 

Question 62. 62. Which of the following nonparametric tests is used to compare the magnitude and direction of differences between two groups? (Points : 2)

Mann-Whitney
Wilcoxon rank
Spearman rank
Fisher’s exact

 

Question 63. 63. Which of the following is the correct formula for calculating the degrees of freedom for a one-sample chi-sqaure? (Points : 2)

n – 1
n – 3
r – 1
r – 3

 

Question 64. 64. If there are three categories for which you are calculating a one-sample chi-square, what are the degrees of freedom? (Points : 2)

0
1
2
3

 

Question 65. 65. Nonparametric statistics is known as _______________. (Points : 2)

non-normal statistics
distribution-free statistics
skewed distribution statistics
parametric statistics

 

Question 66. 66. Which of the following advanced procedures is characterized by the use of more than one dependent variable? (Points : 2)

ANOVA
ANCOVA
MANOVA
Repeated Measures ANOVA

 

Question 67. 67. Which of the following procedures can be utilized to examine within groups change over time? (Points : 2)

ANOVA
ANCOVA
MANOVA
Repeated Measures ANOVA

 

Question 68. 68. If you want to equalize initial differences between two groups before examining group difference, what procedure would you use? (Points : 2)

ANOVA
ANCOVA
MANOVA
Repeated Measures ANOVA

 

Question 69. 69. Which of the following is sometimes referred to as an “umbrella” term for techniques such as Regression, Path Analysis, and Factor Analysis? (Points : 2)

MANOVA
EFA
ANOVA
SEM

 

Question 70. 70. If a researcher wants to examine the direction of a relationship between two variables such that he/she posits that one variable causes the other, what type of statistical procedure would be used? (Points : 2)

Correlation
ANOVA
MANOVA
Path Analysis

 

Question 71. 71. Of the following, which procedure is sometimes referred to as a “data reduction” method as it allows a researcher to explore how items on a particular measure cluster together? (Points : 2)

Correlation
Factor Analysis
Path Analysis
MANOVA

 

Question 72. 72. When is MANOVA most appropriate to use? (Points : 2)

one DV
two IVs and one DV
two or more DVs
more than three IVs

 

Question 73. 73. In what type of ANOVA, is there one factor on which participants are tested more than once? (Points : 2)

Analysis of Covariance
Repeated Measures
Multivariate Analysis
Path Analysis

 

Question 74. 74. Which of the following statistical techniques is used when values of more than one variable are used to predict the value of another variable? (Points : 2)

ANOVA
EFA
MANOVA
Mutliple Regression

 

Question 75. 75. What is Cronbach’s alpha used to assess? (Points : 2)

mean differences
change over time
internal consistency
relationships among factors
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